Inanimate surface: nonliving surface (e.g., floors, walls, furniture). Incubator: apparatus for maintaining a constant and suitable temperature for the growth and cultivation of microorganisms. Infectious microorganisms: microorganisms capable of producing disease in appropriate hosts. Inorganic and organic load: naturally occurring or artificially placed inorganic (e.g., metal salts) or organic (e.g., proteins) contaminants on a medical device before exposure to a microbicidal process. Intermediate-level disinfectant: agent that destroys all vegetative bacteria, including tubercle bacilli, lipid and some nonlipid viruses, and fungi, but not bacterial spores. Limited disinfectant: disinfectant registered for use against a specific major group of organisms (gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria). Efficacy has been demonstrated in laboratory tests against either Salmonella choleraesuis or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Lipid virus: virus surrounded by an envelope of lipoprotein in addition to the usual core of nucleic acid surrounded by a coat of protein. This type of virus (e.g., HIV) is generally easily inactivated by many types of disinfectants. Also called enveloped or lipophilic virus. Low-level disinfectant: agent that destroys all vegetative bacteria (except tubercle bacilli), lipid viruses, some nonlipid viruses, and some fungi, but not bacterial spores. Mechanical indicator: devices that monitor the sterilisation process (e.g., graphs, gauges, printouts). Medical device: instrument, apparatus, material, or other article, whether used alone or in combination, including software necessary for its application, intended by the manufacturer to be used for human beings for • diagnosis, prevention, monitoring treatment, or alleviation of disease; • diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, or alleviation of or compensation for an injury or handicap; • investigation, replacement, or modification of the anatomy or of a physiologic process; or • control of conception and that does not achieve its primary intended action in or on the human body by pharmacologic, immunologic, or metabolic means but might be assisted in its function by such means. 62 ΚΛΙΝΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΤΗΡΙΕΣ ΟΔΗΓΙΕΣ • ΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΡΩΣΗ
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